Module 1 – Security Fundamentals

• Overview
• The Growth of
• Environments and Security
• Our Motivation…
• The Goal: Protecting Information!
• CIA Triad in Detail
• Approach Security Holistically
• Security Definitions
• Definitions Relationships
• Method: Ping
• The TCP/IP Stack
• Which Services Use Which Ports?
• TCP 3-Way Handshake
• TCP Flags
• Malware
• Types of Malware
• Types of Malware Cont…
• Types of Viruses
• More Malware: Spyware
• Trojan Horses
• Back Doors
• DoS
• DDoS
• Packet Sniffers
• Passive Sniffing
• Active Sniffing
• Firewalls, IDS and IPS
• Firewall – First
• Line of Defense
• IDS – Second Line of Defense
• IPS – Last Line of Defense?
• Firewalls
• Firewall Types:
• (1) Packet Filtering
• Firewall Types:
• (2) Proxy Firewalls
• Firewall Types –
• Circuit-Level Proxy Firewall
• Type of Circuit-
• Level Proxy – SOCKS
• Firewall Types –
• Application-Layer Proxy
• Firewall Types: (3) Stateful
• Firewall Types:
• (4) Dynamic Packet-Filtering
• Firewall Types:
• (5) Kernel Proxies
• Firewall Placement
• Firewall Architecture
• Types – Screened Host
• Multi- or Dual-Homed
• Screened Subnet
• Wi-Fi Network Types
• Wi-Fi Network Types
• Widely Deployed Standards
• Standards Comparison
• 11n – MIMO
• Overview of Database Server
• Review 

Module 2 – Access Controls

• Overview
• Role of Access Control
• Definitions
• More Definitions
• Categories of Access Controls
• Physical Controls
• Logical Controls
• “Soft” Controls
• Security Roles
• Steps to Granting Access
• Access Criteria
• Physical Access
• Control Mechanisms
• Biometric System Types
• Synchronous Token
• Asynchronous Token Device
• Memory Cards
• Smart Card
• Cryptographic Keys
• Logical Access Controls
• OS Access Controls
• Linux Access Controls
• Accounts and Groups
• Password &
• Shadow File Formats
• Accounts and Groups
• Linux and UNIX Permissions
• Set UID Programs
• Trust Relationships
• Review

Module 3 – Protocols

• Protocols Overview
• OSI – Application Layer
• OSI – Presentation Layer
• OSI – Session Layer
• Transport Layer
• OSI – Network Layer
• OSI – Data Link
• OSI – Physical Layer
• Protocols at
• Each OSI Model Layer
• TCP/IP Suite
• Port and Protocol Relationship
• Conceptual Use of Ports
• UDP versus TCP
• Protocols – ARP
• Protocols – ICMP
• Network Service – DNS
• SSH Security Protocol
• SSH
• Protocols – SNMP
• Protocols – SMTP
• Packet Sniffers
• Example Packet Sniffers
• Review 

Module 4 -Cryptography

• Overview
• Introduction
• Encryption
• Cryptographic Definitions
• Encryption Algorithm
• Implementation
• Symmetric Encryption
• Symmetric Downfalls
• Symmetric Algorithms
• Crack Times
• Asymmetric Encryption
• Public Key
• Cryptography Advantages
• Asymmetric
• Algorithm Disadvantages
• Asymmetric
• Algorithm Examples
• Key Exchange
• Symmetric versus Asymmetric
• Using the
• Algorithm Types Together
• Instructor Demonstration
• Hashing
• Common Hash Algorithms
• Birthday Attack
• Example of a Birthday Attack
• Generic Hash Demo
• Instructor Demonstration
• Security Issues in Hashing
• Hash Collisions
• MD5 Collision Creates
• Rogue Certificate Authority
• Hybrid Encryption
• Digital Signatures
• SSL/TLS
• SSL Connection Setup
• SSL Hybrid Encryption
• SSH
• IPSec – Network Layer Protection
• IPSec
• IPSec
• Public Key Infrastructure
• Quantum Cryptography
• Attack Vectors
• Network Attacks
• More Attacks (Cryptanalysis)
• Review 

Module 5 – Why Vulnerability Assessments

• Overview
• What is a
• Vulnerability Assessment?
• Vulnerability Assessment
• Benefits of a
• Vulnerability Assessment
• What are Vulnerabilities?
• Security Vulnerability Life Cycle
• Compliance and Project Scoping
• The Project
• Overview Statement
• Project Overview Statement
• Assessing Current
• Network Concerns
• Vulnerabilities in Networks
• More Concerns
• Network Vulnerability
• Assessment Methodology
• Network Vulnerability
• Assessment Methodology
• Phase I: Data Collection
• Phase II: Interviews, Information Reviews, and Hands-On Investigation
• Phase III: Analysis
• Analysis cont.
• Risk Management
• Why Is Risk
• Management Difficult?
• Risk Analysis Objectives
• Putting Together
• the Team and Components
• What Is the Value of an Asset?
• Examples of Some Vulnerabilities that Are Not Always Obvious
• Categorizing Risks
• Some Examples
• of Types of Losses
• Different Approaches
• to Analysis
• Who Uses What?
• Qualitative Analysis Steps
• Quantitative Analysis
• ALE Values Uses
• ALE Example
• ARO Values and Their Meaning
• ALE Calculation
• Can a Purely Quantitative Analysis Be Accomplished?
• Comparing Cost and Benefit
• Countermeasure Criteria
• Calculating Cost/Benefit
• Cost of a Countermeasure
• Can You Get Rid of All Risk?
• Management’s Response to Identified Risks
• Liability of Actions
• Policy Review
• (Top-Down) Methodology
• Definitions
• Policy Types
• Policies with Different Goals
• Industry Best
• Practice Standards
• Components that Support the Security Policy
• Policy Contents
• When Critiquing a Policy
• Technical (Bottom-Up)
• Methodology
• Review 

Module 6 – Vulnerability Tools of the Trade

• Overview
• Vulnerability Scanners
• Nessus
• SAINT – Sample Report
• Tool: Retina
• Qualys Guard
• http://www.qualys.com/products/overview/
• Tool: LANguard
• Microsoft Baseline Analyzer
• MBSA Scan Report
• Dealing with Assessment Results
• Patch Management Options
• Review 

Module 7 – Output Analysis and Reports

• Overview
• Staying Abreast: Security Alerts
• Vulnerability Research Sites
• Nessus
• SAINT
• SAINT Reports
• GFI Languard
• GFI Reports
• MBSA
• MBSA Reports
• Review 

Module 8 – Reconnaissance, Enumeration and Scanning

• Reconnaissance Overview
• Step One in the
• Hacking “Life-Cycle”
• What Information is
• Gathered by the Hacker?
• Passive vs. Active Reconnaissance
• Footprinting Defined
• Social Access
• Social Engineering Techniques
• Social Networking Sites
• People Search Engines
• Internet Archive:
• The WayBack Machine
• Footprinting Tools Overview
• Maltego GUI
• Ihackstuff.com
• Google (cont.)
• Domain Name Registration
• WHOIS Output
• DNS Databases
• Using Nslookup
• Traceroute Operation
• Web Server Info Tool: Netcraft
• Introduction to Port Scanning
• Which Services
• use Which Ports?
• Port Scan Tips
• Port Scans Should Reveal…
• Popular Port Scanning Tools
• Ping (Is the host online?)
• Stealth Online Ping
• TCP 3-Way Handshake
• TCP Flags
• TCP Connect Port Scan
• Half-open Scan (SynScan)
• Firewalled Ports
• NMAP TCP Connect Scan
• Enumeration Overview
• Web Server Banners
• HTTPrint
• DNS Enumeration
• SNMP Insecurity
• SNMP Enumeration Tools
• SNMP Enumeration Countermeasures
• Active Directory Enumeration
• LDAPMiner
• AD Enumeration Countermeasures
• Null Sessions
• Viewing Shares
• Tool: DumpSec
• Tool: Enumeration
• with Cain and Abel
• Null Session
• Countermeasures (cont.)
• Review 

Module 9 – Gaining Access

• Overview
• How Do Exploits Work?
• Physical Access Attacks
• Lock Picking
• Tool Kit: Torque Wrench
• Tool Kit: Picks
• Tool Kit: Snap Gun
• Tool Kit: Electric Pick
• Internal Mechanism
• Pin Tumblers
• Pin Tumblers
• Picking
• Binding Pin
• Binding
• Binding
• Binding Order
• Raking
• Raking
• Bumping
• Bump Keying
• Shimming Door Locks
• Padlocks
• Bypassing
• Padlock Shims
• Shock Energy
• Lock Picking Countermeasures
• The Metasploit Project
• Defense in Depth
• Instructor Demonstration
• SaintExploit at a Glance
• SaintExploit Interface
• Core Impact Overview
• Core Impact
• Review

Module 10 – Maintaining Access

• Overview
• Back Doors
• Backdoor via Rootkits
• Linux Backdoor via Rootkits
• Linux Backdoor via Rootkits
• Windows RootKit Countermeasures
• Tool: Netcat
• Netcat Switches
• Netcat as a Listener
• Meterpreter
• Review 

Module 11 – Covering Tracks

• Overview
• Covering Tracks Overview
• Disabling Auditing
• Clearing and Event Log
• Hiding Files with
• NTFS Alternate Data Stream
• NTFS Streams
• Countermeasures
• Stream Explorer
• What is Steganography?
• Steganography Tools
• Shedding Files Left Behind
• Leaving No Local Trace
• More Anonymous Software
• StealthSurfer II Privacy Stick
• Tor: Anonymous Internet Access
• Encrypted Tunnel Notes
• Review 

Module 12 – Malware

• Overview
• Distributing Malware
• Malware Capabilities
• Countermeasure: Monitoring Autostart Methods
• Tool: Netcat
• Netcat Switches
• Netcat as a Listener
• Executable Wrappers
• Benign EXE’s Historically Wrapped with Trojans
• Tool: Restorator
• Tool: Exe Icon
• The Infectious CD-Rom Technique
• Trojan: Backdoor.Zombam.B
• Trojan: JPEG GDI+ All in One Remote Exploit
• Advanced Trojans: Avoiding Detection
• BPMTK
• Malware Countermeasures
• Gargoyle Investigator
• Spy Sweeper Enterprise
• CM Tool: Port Monitoring Software
• CM Tools: File Protection Software
• CM Tool: Windows File Protection
• CM Tool: Windows Software Restriction Policies
• CM Tool: Hardware Malware Detectors
• Countermeasure: User Education
• Review 

Module 13 – Buffer Overflows

• Overview
• Buffer Overflow Definition
• Overflow Illustration
• Buffer Overflows
• Memory Organization
• How Buffers and Stacks
• Are Supposed to Work
• Stack Function
• How a Buffer Overflow Works
• Buffer Overflows
• Secure Code Review
• Prevention
• Review 

Module 14 – Password Cracking

• Overview
• Attack Vectors
• Unix Passwords and Encryption
• Password Cracking Tools
• NAT Dictionary Attack Tool
• THC-Hydra
• Password Guessing
• Password Cracking
• LM/NTLM Hashes
• LM Hash Encryption
• NT Hash Generation
• Windows Syskey Encryption
• Creating Rainbow Tables
• Free Rainbow Tables
• NTPASSWD:Hash Insertion Attack
• Password Sniffing
• Sniffing Remote Passwords
• Tool: Cain and Abel
• Review 

Appendix 1 – Economics and Law

• Overview
• Attack Vectors
• Unix Passwords and Encryption
• Password Cracking Tools
• NAT Dictionary Attack Tool
• THC-Hydra
• Password Guessing
• Password Cracking
• LM/NTLM Hashes
• LM Hash Encryption
• NT Hash Generation
• Windows Syskey Encryption
• Creating Rainbow Tables
• Free Rainbow Tables
• NTPASSWD:Hash Insertion Attack
• Password Sniffing
• Sniffing Remote Passwords
• Tool: Cain and Abel
• Review 

Appendix 2 – Vulnerability Types

• Overview
• Critical Vulnerabilities
• Critical Vulnerability Types
• Buffer Overflows
• URL Mappings
• to Web Applications
• IIS Directory Traversal
• Format String Attacks
• Default Passwords
• Misconfigurations
• Known Backdoors
• Information Leaks
• Memory Disclosure
• Network Information
• Version Information
• Path Disclosure
• User Enumeration
• Denial of Service
• Best Practices
• Review
• Lab 

Appendix 3 – Assessing Web Servers

• Web Servers
• Fingerprinting
• Accessible Web Servers
• Identifying and Assessing
• Reverse Proxy Mechanisms
• Proxy Mechanisms
• Identifying Subsystems
• and Enabled Components
• Basic Web Server Crawling
• Web Application
• Technologies Overview
• Web Application Profiling
• HTML Sifting and Analysis
• Active Backend
• Database Technology Assessment
• Why SQL “Injection”?
• Web Application
• Attack Strategies
• Web Application Vulnerabilities
• Authentication Issues
• Parameter Modification
• SQL Injection: Enumeration
• SQL Extended Stored Procedures
• Shutting Down SQL Server
• Direct Attacks
• SQL Connection Properties
• Attacking Database Servers
• Obtaining Sensitive Information
• URL Mappings
• to Web Applications
• Query String
• Changing URL Login Parameters
• URL Login Parameters Cont.
• IIS Directory Traversal
• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
• Web Security Checklist
• Review 

Appendix 4 – Assessing Remote & VPN Services

• Assessing Remote & VPN Services
• Remote Information Services
• Retrieving DNS
• Service Version Information
• DNS Zone Transfers
• Forward DNS Grinding
• Finger
• Auth
• NTP
• SNMP
• Default Community Strings
• LDAP
• rwho
• RPC rusers
• Remote Maintenance Services
• FTP
• SSH